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Carnivory in Plants

⁨394⁩ ⁨likes⁩

Submitted ⁨⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago⁩ by ⁨fossilesque@mander.xyz⁩ to ⁨science_memes@mander.xyz⁩

https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/e8a0ef16-3583-415a-9a43-9eaec8c9112b.jpeg

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  • stray@pawb.social ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Genetic evidence suggests that carnivory developed by co-opting and repurposing existing genes which had established functions in flowering plants

    en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivorous_plant

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    • AwesomeLowlander@sh.itjust.works ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      All the interesting botany questions have been answered

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      • Hadriscus@jlai.lu ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        why tree big ??

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  • shalafi@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Because the flowers attract food in the form of insects. I must be missing something here.

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    • drolex@sopuli.xyz ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      Carnivorous plants need to attract insects to feed AND to reproduce. Of course they don’t want to eat the pollinators so they usually have flowers with long stems

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      • shalafi@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        Yep! The pitcher plants around here have high flowers and Venus Fly Traps have hilariously high flowers.

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    • DragonTypeWyvern@midwest.social ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      Pitcher plants use sugary secretions to attract prey not flowers

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      • zedgeist@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        Why would they want to attract flowers?

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      • shalafi@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        Both use flowers with long stems to keep the pollinators out of harm’s way. I grow both, seen it IRL.

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  • Baaahb@feddit.nl ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Flowering plants use life to spread genetics. No reason to be carnivorous if there’s no reason for animals to crawl all over you

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  • TimewornTraveler@lemm.ee ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    I’m sorry but who says that all of the good botany questions have been answered??

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    • FooBarrington@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson

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      • drolex@sopuli.xyz ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        He’s a disgrace. Still classifying Rhinantus minor in the Scrophulariaceae instead of Orobanchaceae after APGIII. Smh.

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  • PapaStevesy@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    We just haven’t found the carnivorous trees yet. Those poor, poor squirrels…

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    • Ledericas@lemm.ee ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      there are trees armed to the teeth or extremely poisonous, many in euphorbiacae family. dynamite tree, machineel

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      • Eagle0110@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        Well there’s a fundamental difference between a carnivorous plant and a murderous plant who just kills.

        There are many plants who kill large number of animals all the time, as defense measures for example. But a carnivorous plant specifically kills the prey in order extract nutrients from it and use it to benefit itself, and it does so using specialized adaptations specific for that purpose and not just accidentally (like a broken tree branch falling down killing somebody down below doesn’t make the tree carnivorous)

        So a carnivorous plant needs to have ALL of these traits:

        1. capturing or trapping prey in specialized, usually attractive, traps;
        2. killing the captured prey;
        3. digesting the prey;
        4. absorption of metabolites (nutrients) from the killed and digested prey;
        5. use of these metabolites for plant growth and development.

        …in order to be considered a carnivorous plant.

        Source: Carnivorous Plants: Physiology, Ecology, and Evolution from Oxford University Press

        (HIGHLY recommend if you’re interested in this topic, it’s an extremely good book and the best comprehensive overview on carnivorous plants at the moment, with fairly up to date information from this rapidly developing field of study!

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      • PapaStevesy@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        Armed to the teeth or armed with teeth…that they chew live animals with? Because I’m only interested in the latter.

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  • PanaX@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    While all of these answers are mostly true, you have to go back in time. Darwin called it the abomniable mystery. Flowering plants and insects co-evolved rapidly roughly 150 MYA. So prior to flowering plants, there were few plants and insects and they were mostly generalists. The rapid expansion and explosion of insect diversity is deeply entangled with the explosion of diversity in angiosperms.

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    • Ledericas@lemm.ee ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      the oldest pollinators, prior to bees,butterflies and other insects. were beetles, as evidence of magnolias one of the oldest lineage of flowers, use only beetles.

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  • Zerush@lemmy.ml ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Image

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    • Kolanaki@pawb.social ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      Audrey II was a literal alien. It might not even technically be a plant, it just resembles one. 🤷🏻‍♂️

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      • ouRKaoS@lemmy.today ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        Ok, so prove all the other plants aren’t aliens?

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      • Zerush@lemmy.ml ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        A human has 46 chromosomes, a potato 48, this also explains some things.

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  • rizzothesmall@sh.itjust.works ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Flowers already attracted insects. The evolution of flower into carnivorous flower is a smaller leap than a tuba or leaf into carnivory as they would also have to evolve to attract the prey.

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  • Derpenheim@lemmy.zip ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Carnivory in plants is ALWAYS the secondary option, usually as a result of poor soil quality. Typical pollination via flowering bodies is the go to.

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  • squaresinger@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Is it vegan if you eat carnivorous plants?

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    • Zoomboingding@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      Vegan enough for package labelling, not vegan enough for the psychic powers

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      • Nasan@sopuli.xyz ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        You get three strikes though, I think that’s pretty lenient

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  • xia@lemmy.sdf.org ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    I remember watching this farmer make a case otherwise, that ordinary bramble (?) is specialized to ensnare and trap fluffy sheep, providing chemical nutrients to the bush.

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    • Zagorath@aussie.zone ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      An interesting theory, but there are good reasons to doubt the claim, including the fact that woolly sheep are a recent product of human breeding, and that wild sheep are not even native to the same areas blackberries grow.

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    • Redfox8@mander.xyz ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      There’s tonnes of blackthorn and a lot of sheep in the UK and I’ve never heard it to be problematic. Sheep ate pretty dim, but bramble is definitely not thorny/spiney enough to get caught bar the odd occasion. I’m sure I heard about a shrub (African maybe) that sheep can get completely ensnared in and die, but can’t find it!

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  • Redfox8@mander.xyz ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Because they live in environments lacking in the nutrients that can be gained from invertebrates (e.g. in highly acidic soil). This allows them to compete better against other plants. I guess non-flowering plants don’t need the same nutrients so can go without. Only a beginnner+ at ecological botany so someone here can surely explain better knowing lemmy!

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  • henfredemars@infosec.pub ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Could it be because most plants are flowering plants?

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    • zagaberoo@beehaw.org ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      Sex is a hell of a drug when it comes to diversity.

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  • ZILtoid1991@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Where are my plants that impregnate human females through their vines used as tentacles, as promised by hentai?

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  • whimsy@lemmy.zip ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Since when has carnivory been a word, what the hell

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    • princessnorah@lemmy.blahaj.zone ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      Since as long as carnivore has been a word, probably. Carnivory is the noun for the act of eating meat, carnivore is the noun for a creature that eats meat and carnivorous is the adjective to describe a creature that eats meat.

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    • nanoswarm9k@lemmus.org ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      probably used casually in a kink. would you like a map of the internet? (earnest)

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      • match@pawb.social ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        i would like a map of the Internet

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  • ZWQbpkzl@hexbear.net ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    This seems obvious: Non flowering plants haven’t evolved ways to attract pollinators prey. What non-flowering plants deliberately attract animals?

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    • Ledericas@lemm.ee ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      i think because non-flowering plants, like ferns, gymnosperms, bryophytes dont need to attract animals. thier sperm, eggs are usually close by to each other so no need animals. and gymnosperm uses wind pollination. carnivory is probably repurposed flower-attracted pollination.

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  • PapaStevesy@lemmy.world ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    Ultimately it’s more about trapping and consuming live animals, I don’t really care if they actually chew.

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  • BodyBySisyphus@hexbear.net ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

    If you go out in a bog and look around, most of the plants there are angiosperms. The non-angiosperms are mainly mosses (capable of surviving on atmospheric deposition, not really producing the sorts of complex structures that can be adapted for carnivory like leaves and roots), ferns, and horsetails. “Why no carnivorous ferns?” seems like an interesting question but it’s also kinda like “Why no flowering ferns?” Because you need structures (leaves, glandular trichomes, or roots) that can be exapted for a new purpose and flowering plants seem to have the most plasticity.

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    • Ledericas@lemm.ee ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

      you forgot gymnosperms, aka conifers, gingkos, cycads.

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      • BodyBySisyphus@hexbear.net ⁨2⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

        Not really seeing the niche overlap there, as most carnivores are small, shallow rooted, and herbaceous. Gingkos are relicts, conifers tend to be woody, deep-rooted, and can’t grow in pure peat, so there’s probably less pressure to solve nitrogen deficiency. That leaves cycads, which do grow in swampy soils, but they haven’t changed a whole lot in tens of millions of years.

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