tehy didn’t say the book is dangerous, they said it’s radioactive
Comment on Radioactivity
Anticorp@lemmy.world 2 months ago
How is Chernobyl safe for wildlife now, but this book is still dangerous?
callyral@pawb.social 2 months ago
bouh@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Marie Curie studied radioactivity with pure and very active materials with no protection. The radioactivity of the notebook is indirect radioactivity, that is material that becomes radioactive after being exposed to powerful ionizing radiations. It must be noted that the notebook may not be deadly radioactive. And if it will be for 1500 years, it won’t be deadly for 1500 years. For reference, bananas tend to be radioactive too. And you are exposed to ionizing radiations when you take the plane.
Chernobyl had two reactors burn iirc. Most of the radioactive material was in the reactor, but the fire made smoke out of radioactive materials. The quantity of smoke, in kg, that go out was significant, but it got diluted in the atmosphere and spread. Which means there wasn’t so much dust, in mass, that got in any one place. The dust is also not only uranium, but a combination of uranium and materials that were contaminated like the notebook. With the rain, the dust was washed and distributed more, and with the time, materials become less and less radioactive.
Both the book and chernobyl are not dangerously radioactive. But because of the nature of radioactivity, care must always be taken.
roguetrick@lemmy.world 2 months ago
They’re contaminated, not neutron activated. The curies didn’t get to the point of developing an unshielded nuclear reactor that would sufficiently neutron activate their stuff. They just liked to carry around radium and polonium which also have decay products that themselves are radioactive and they contaminated everything.
bouh@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Thanks for the precision. Still, the result is the same I’m sure.
CommissarVulpin@lemmy.world 2 months ago
More or less. The difference is that, if they really wanted to, they could very thoroughly clean the notebook and take most of the contamination off. I’m guessing they won’t because a) It’s a historical artifact and they don’t want to risk damaging it, b) the contamination is so low-level that it’s not dangerous as long as you don’t lick it or something, and/or c) there’s a bit of a shock factor in watching a scientist’s notebook make a Geiger counter freak out.
_bac@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Ionizing radiation can’t produce secondary radioactivity in materials…
bouh@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Well, maybe explain my confusion then, instead of being an ass.
CommissarVulpin@lemmy.world 2 months ago
So there’s four types of radiation: alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron. When you’re talking about radioactive materials, it’s almost exclusively the first three. In addition to the inherent danger of the object itself, there’s also the danger of radioactive contamination: not making other things radioactive, but shedding bits of themselves as dust and then that dust getting on other things, or getting ingested/inhaled by humans. Active fission reactions, like what goes on in the core of a nuclear reactor (or perhaps messing around with some plutonium and a screwdriver), produce neutron radiation. Neutrons can make other things radioactive, via a process called “neutron activation”, whereby the neutrons bind to the material and change some of the atoms into radioactive isotopes. I hope that helps, and feel free to ask me anything else about radiation. I have some education about it thanks to my job, and I’m always happy to help other people understand it more as well.
Anticorp@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Thanks for the great answer!
Cort@lemmy.world 2 months ago
It isn’t “safe” it’s “safe enough” for limited visits to the exclusion zone and VERY limited visits to the sarcophagus that enclosed the old reactor
Anticorp@lemmy.world 2 months ago
So what about the animals around there? Are they all dying from radiation poisoning, or turning into Godzilla, or something?
Wereduck@lemmy.blahaj.zone 2 months ago
I was gonna answer that most animals don’t live as long and reproduce faster than humans (so populations survive despite increased cancer risk), but when I looked into it I found a deep rabbit hole. In the case of wolves, I’m sure plenty died early on, because the populations present appear to have some genetic immune adaptations that protect them from cancer. I know other species (like frogs) have dark skin because the melenin increased the survival rate of the darker frogs at the time of the accident. So that is to say probably a lot of wildlife died, and that natural selection lead to some critters that are pretty resistant to radiation.
Anticorp@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Wow, that’s actually really cool! Not the dying part, but the adapting part. Thanks for sharing!
FattestMattest@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Chernobyl was made into a TV show while this book appears to be just a book.
Anticorp@lemmy.world 2 months ago
So if we make a movie about this book then it can be handled again? Or does it have to be a full 10 hour show?
EddyBot@discuss.tchncs.de 2 months ago
fun fact: the other three reactors in Chernobyl were put in operation again AFTER reactor 4 blew up
I believe the last one for 14 additional yearshow safe that was is another question though
Cethin@lemmy.zip 2 months ago
I think we can safely say with hindsight, it was very safe. Reactor 4 was caused by a fluke of circumstances and a few mistakes. It was otherwise a very safe reactor. Once they understood the failure they are able to adjust protocol to ensure it doesn’t happen again. It made the other reactors even safer.
The same thing happened with three mile island. Unit 1 safely continued operation until 2019, which only stopped because of financial pressures (competition with Methane), not because anything was wrong.
AlexisFR@jlai.lu 2 months ago
I mean, RBMK based reactors are still in use today, no?
Holzkohlen@feddit.de 2 months ago
Different radioactive materials have different half-life periods.
GTG3000@programming.dev 2 months ago
Chernobyl isn’t safe safe, it’s just safe enough for wildlife to survive there, possibly with lowered life span and quality of life.
Also, there’s a decent danger of radioactive dust coming off the book if it’s handled. It may not be that radioactive, but if it clings to you, or you breathe it in, it will do considerably more damage than if it was all one solid rock that made geiger counters click.
RunawayFixer@lemmy.world 2 months ago
The wildlife is just left alone, I wouldn’t call it safe from radiation, they still have a higher incidence of mutations than animals outside the contaminated zones. It’s just that some radiation and no humans, happens to be better for wildlife than no radiation and lots of humans.
flamingo_pinyata@sopuli.xyz 2 months ago
Um, Chernobyl is still extremely radioactive. You probably mean the exclusion zone which is really not that bad, there’s even tourists going there. But it’s still not recommended to live there due to cumulative exposure.
Anticorp@lemmy.world 2 months ago
So the site itself is still deadly, but the areas around it are not? Would that be the case for a nuclear attack as well? Like ground zero would stay deadly but the rest of the city would be safe a few decades later? I just realized that I don’t actually know very much about nuclear fallout. How are Hiroshima and Nagasaki safe?
weker01@feddit.de 2 months ago
Complex topic. It would depend on the bomb in question. Some are more “dirty” than others.
whotookkarl@lemmy.world 2 months ago
The clouds of radioactive gases carry radiated dust particles that are carried by winds and settle on the ground, roofs, etc (fallout). That’s why after Chernobyl or the Japanese cities were attacked it was very important which way the wind was pushing the clouds carrying the tiny debris, ash, and dust and how the Chernobyl disaster was detected by other countries in the path.
You probably also want to avoid trying to grow any crops in the area because one way to deal with the radioactive dust is to bury it under the top soil, and buildings that have been closed since Chernobyl that still have the dust trapped inside are still very dangerous.
zaph@sh.itjust.works 2 months ago
It’s been a couple of decades since I watched the documentary so maybe my memory is betraying me but from what I remember the bombs dropped on Japan didn’t touch the ground. They detonated in the air so there technically isn’t a ground zero.
roguetrick@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Generally the really nasty gamma emitting fission products lose their nastiness after a couple of months. Their half lives tend to be counted in hours.
Xavienth@lemmygrad.ml 2 months ago
They overturned the dirt in the exclusion zone to bury the fallout so that it’s less of a possibility for it to move around. You wouldn’t want to live there, drink from the groundwater, farm there, etc.
LinusSexTips@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Interesting video on Chernobyl and the people still living in the exclusion zone.
bbc.com/…/20140116-cooking-in-the-danger-zone-che…
I can’t watch the video via the BBC site but it exists elsewhere.
Anticorp@lemmy.world 2 months ago
Thanks!