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Comment on Why are so many countries in the world “developing” and poor, while essentially only Western countries have a high standard of living?

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vzq@lemmy.blahaj.zone ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago

developing countries don’t have enough infrastructure to benefit from wealth

It’s even worse: they have the infrastructure to allow us to profit from wealth. Colonial powers made sure the railroad between the mines and the ports are top notch, so their mineral riches can be carted off efficiently to the metropole.

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dragontamer@lemmy.world ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
China and other advanced nations prove that an export based economy can work though.

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- vzq@lemmy.blahaj.zone ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
  Export based <> extraction based
  
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- beatle@aussie.zone ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
  The machines are Dutch and the designs are made by the customer. The Taiwanese advantage is their government subsidised chip manufacturing. They aren’t wizards.
  
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  - dragontamer@lemmy.world ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
    Global Foundries up in Buffalo, New York had the same exact equipment and couldn’t get past 12nm.
    
    Taiwan / TSMC is hitting 3nm today (a feat that even Intel and Samsung cannot accomplish yet), and is well on its way to 2nm designs.
    
    They’re fucking wizards who are 5+ years ahead of USA. Thank god they’re allies of us.
    
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    kbotc@lemmy.world ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
    The actual research that you’re giving Taiwan credit for is US research. There’s a reason the US was able to tell the Dutch government “You can’t allow this hardware to go to China.”
    
    The basic research for the Extreme Ultraviolet lithography was done at US DOE labs as a hedge against Japan dominating the world semiconductor supply. The US allowed a few companies in as part of the EUV-LLC private-public partnership, and ASML ended up buying out the other players who had the licenses from the US. The EU certainly had a hand in the research after the test bed was built proving it could work. www.sandia.gov/media/ultra.htm
    
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    beatle@aussie.zone ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
    nanometer is a marketing term now and doesn’t reflect actual sizes. Samsung were first with “3nm”.
    
    America was doing “3nm” in 2018. You don’t seem to have any understanding of this issue.
    
    From Wikipedia:
    
    The term “3 nanometer” has no direct relation to any actual physical feature (such as gate length, metal pitch or gate pitch) of the transistors. According to the projections contained in the 2021 update of the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems published by IEEE Standards Association Industry Connection, a 3 nm node is expected to have a contacted gate pitch of 48 nanometers and a tightest metal pitch of 24 nanometers.
    
    Also from Wikipedia:
    
    South Korean chipmaker Samsung started shipping its 3 nm gate all around (GAA) process, named 3GAA, in mid-2022. On 29 December 2022, Taiwanese chip manufacturer TSMC announced that volume production using its 3 nm semiconductor node termed N3 is under way with good yields.
    
    In early 2018, IMEC (Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre) and Cadence stated they had taped out 3 nm test chips, using extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) and 193 nm immersion lithography.
    
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richieadler@lemmy.myserv.one ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
You can see this in painful clarity watching the Argentinian railroads. Created and operated by the UK originally, it has a clear shape of a funnel from all over the country towards the main port city, Buenos Aires.

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- Iceblade02@lemmy.world ⁨10⁩ ⁨months⁩ ago
  That’s a general pattern though - sea transport is the most efficient, thus railroads will tend to integrate around important ports. It applies even in the UK.
  
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