#1 is simply false. All merging is more effective at full speed.

#2 demonstrates a lack of comprehension. With the right lane closed ahead, the slowed traffic in the left lane indicates the effects of the obstruction ahead, and informs drivers that they should exit.

If the left lane isn’t backed up, the effects of the obstruction are not severe, and there is no need to exit.

Allowing both lanes to back up introduces the worst delay, and doubles the number of vehicles needlessly exposed to that delay.

#3 correctly identifies that the load is spread among more routes, but fails to comprehend that those other routes are normally underutilized and have considerable excess capacity available to ameliorate the problem. Diverting excess traffic to routes with excess capacity is a solution, not a problem.

#4, stopped traffic is inevitable with zipper merging immediately before the obstruction. Anyone with more than a million miles of highway experience can corroborate that assertion.