I’m not as knowledgeable about ant genetics as the other fellow. But I do know ants recognize each other from the same colony through chemical signals.

There are insects that can hijack that, I think rival ants can even trick the ants of another colony to kill their own queen. There are also rival queens that can kill another queen and the rest of colony thinks that’s their queen.

So they are heavy into identification through chemical means over anything else. Genetics has not a lot to do with identification.