They’re “roguelite” games. Games that feature permanent death, and are designed to be played from the start over and over while you learn more about the game, and often unlock new things each run (metaprogression) that can make each future run a little easier, or at least different.

Examples:

• Binding of Isaac
• Dead Cells
• Enter the Gungeon

The “roguelite” name comes from “roguelike” which itself is used to describe games being similar to “Rogue”, a very old ASCII dungeon crawler that pioneered this sort of gameplay. Roguelikes are modern, turn-based dungeon crawlers that feature the same mechanics.

Examples:

• Caves of Qud
• Shattered Pixel Dungeon