I understand Canada has an upper and lower house and it seems that even though the Emergency Act is on the statute books is still needs to be ratified by parliament to come into force. How did Trudeau get the police to act upon it before then? Or were the arrests so far illegal and Trudeau is hoping they will become legal when the bill is finally ratified?

Does the charter give rights for people to protest peacefully? Does the Emergency Act overrule those rights?