Yea, absolutely, hence the approximated 4-6% return on investment - some years more, some years negative.

There is this apartment that I’ve been eyeing for a while, and I’ve seriously considered becoming one of those loathed landlords myself. Feels like trying to do right by the apartment and by a tenant would be putting out more good to the world than a passive stock fund, you know? So been reading up on it quite a bit lately.