I think I just had a lot of talks about this with someone recently. Feel free to DM me if you wanna know more.

Yes, you’re right; The sources of energy have a society-defining role.

There’s two major sources: carbon-based (coal, oil, gas, biomass) and electricity.

Right now, we consume approximately 50% of either, but this is about to change. I predict that solar power will shift energy consumption to nearly 100% electrical in a few years.

I don’t really know about a specific name for when we started burning oil, but you might wanna look at Peak Oil Theory because it explains the mass of oil consumption over time as a bell curve.