I think narrowing it down to one tax type isn’t overly helpful. Ultimately it comes down to spending and policy. We underspend and we are more reactive: data.oecd.org/healthres/health-spending.htm

Systems that are insurance based (ignoring the mess that is the usa) at least have an incentive to catch things early because they are cheaper to deal with before they become chronic. With delays in primary care and waiting lists we end up getting much less bang for our buck as conditions develop before getting treatment.