“Races” as distinct biological categories do not actually exist in humans; genetics shows more variation within so-called racial groups than between them, meaning humanity is one interconnected, genetically diverse species, Homo sapiens. While there are physical differences such as skin colour, these are superficial, resulting from adaptation to local environments, not deep genetic divisions, and race is understood by scientists as a social construct with real-world social impacts, not a biological reality. I attach a fine soecimin of the English race.

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