Yeah, as @uranibaba@lemmy.world says, I was using the narrow meaning of AI=ML (as the OP was). Certainly not surprised that other ML techniques have been used.

That Cummins paper looks pretty interesting. I only skimmed the first page, but it looks like they’re using LLMs to estimate optimal compiler parameters? That’s pretty cool. But they also say something about it having a 91% hit compliant code hit rate, I wonder what’s happening in the other 9%. Noncompliance seems like a big problem? But I only have surface-level compiler knowledge, probably not enough to follow the whole paper properly…