Sort of, but not really. You’re almost certainly referencing E471, mono- and diglycerides that are used as emulsifiers.

The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has set an “acceptable daily intake” (ADI) as “not limited” due to the safety of these ingredients.

In 2017, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) re-evaluated the safety of mono- and diglycerides and concluded that there is no need to establish a numerical ADI and there is no safety concern for the reported food uses.

A diet high in saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol in general increases your risk of Cardiovascular issues. So does alcohol, and tobacco use.

Looking up a few of the big brands nutritional labels really quick, their products aren’t particularly high in saturated fats, and most have no trans fats listed. Meaning the amounts are small enough they don’t even need to be listed. Jif creamy peanut butter for instance in a 2 Tbsp (33g) serving… has a total of 16g of Total Fat, which breaks down to 3.5g Saturated fat, 0g Trans fat, and 0mg cholesterol. It also only has 2g of added sugar, 6g net carbs, and 7g of protein in that same serving.

11 spoonfuls like the meme is excessive, but some peanut butter sandwiches aren’t where your cardiovascular risks are going to be coming from.