Not sure if you got your answer yet, but Windows 11 should be off the table. I don’t believe your CPU supports it at all. Therefore you get Windows 10, which is off security updates. If you must use your laptop and Linux is off the table, run Windows 10 (or even 7) offline.

Keeping it off the internet and just for your resource intensive tasks is your best bet.

Otherwise, install Linux on it to use it as a remote desktop and rent a VPS to run your stuff on it. It’ll run whatever latest distro you want and your laptop will stay cool as the VPS will do all the computing. That subscription can be very cheap, free even with some providers.

Don’t run windows 10 online. Same advice for outdated MacOS versions.