There's some very wrong answers here. So most of the time you can't film a person without consent for broadcast, for TV or just your 12 follower youtube channel.

There are a few exceptions and the relevant one here is breaking the law, so if you are smuggling drugs for example, then you can be recorded and broadcast. If suspected of a crime and currently being dealt with by authorities, so say if you were being searched suspected of drug dealing then you could be filmed against your will legally, BUT, if no drugs were found then it can't then be broadcast.

Now with the Indian man you are discussing, he did break the law, kinda, unknowingly, but if you broadcast him this would be a defence, HOWEVER, I would never cause that's bullshit, did they blur his face? Cause morally that would be the right decision. It's an important story to show, possibly a type of human trafficing, but the person/victim should not be shown.

Now for your end questions, you have a right to request them not to record, they may have a different right to continue and should explain this to you, but if you've done nothing wrong then the footage gets deleted and it's just an annoying thing that happened one time.

Police record everything on bodycam, they sometimes have a camera crew with them, same rules apply for them as above, but when dealing with the police you are always recorded, this is for your protection and theirs. If you commit a crime they can broadcast this.

If an officer at the airport wants to search your luggage and you say no then it really depends on the type of officer but it's quite likely that you won't be admitted into the country. If you haven't gone through immigration then they can send you back for basically any reason, and refusing to be searched, drug tested, interrogated, etc, all counts.