I’ve only played parts of the first System Shock, so can’t speak of that or its remake until I finish it. But Prey’s very much a spiritual successor to System Shock 2, devs have said it themselves, and the similarities are a ton. Prey (2016) is still its own thing, different story, world etc., but the underlying immersive sim systems, the once again story of “you’re locked in this space station/ ship gone wrong and have to gradually progress through it while finding all its inhabitants mysteries” - it hits the same notes and it’s exactly what you’d want from a spiritual successor.

I think you’ll get a similar kick of the System Shock 2 remaster, the first one might be a tad more retro and limited even with the modern remake.